What are the symptoms of a damaged Hall effect sensor?

I. Common Electric Vehicle Faults

1. Abnormal Power Output

Acceleration Lag: Slow power response after twisting the throttle, even lack of power uphill.

Power Interruption: Sudden power loss while driving, possibly accompanied by a "clunking" noise.

Runaway Phenomenon: The motor accelerates on its own without twisting the throttle, continuing to run after releasing the throttle.

2. Abnormal Braking System

Brake Failure: The brake pedal becomes hard or completely ineffective; the brake light on the dashboard remains constantly lit.

False Trigger: The brake light illuminates automatically when the brake is not applied, posing a high risk during nighttime driving.

3. Abnormal Steering System

Heavy Steering: The steering wheel becomes heavy, with a sluggish response; in extreme cases, steering becomes impossible.

4. Reduced Range

Decreased Range: The battery is normal, but the range is reduced by 30%–50%; the speedometer display is unstable.

5. Other Abnormalities

Motor Overheating: The motor casing temperature is more than 35°C higher than the ambient temperature.

Abnormal Noise and Vibration: A clicking sound and noticeable vibration occur at low speeds (5–15 km/h).

II. Fault Manifestations in Other Equipment

1. Smartphones: Buttons malfunction, difficulty turning on, no display on the screen.

2. Cars: Motor does not turn, weak acceleration, abnormal noise or short circuit.

III. Fault Causes and Detection

1. Common Causes: Water ingress, heavy load, improper assembly, component aging, etc.

2. Detection Method: Use a multimeter to measure voltage or resistance and observe whether the signal line voltage changes with the magnetic field.